andres@diaz:~/notes$ ls
My notes, written for anyone learning the same stuff.
Networking
IP Addresses
IP (Internet Protocol, logical address) = Layer 3 (Network layer) = what routers use to move data between networks.
MAC Addresses
MAC (Media Access Control) address = hardware address for one network interface = Layer 2 (Data Link layer) = what switches use to deliver data on the same local network.
Switches vs Routers
Switch = Layer 2 = MAC (Media Access Control) addresses = same network.
TCP and UDP (and the 3-Way Handshake)
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) = reliable, handshake first. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) = fast, no handshake. Both are Layer 4 (Transport).
ARP and DHCP
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): "I just joined. What IP should I use?"
Subnetting
Subnetting = splitting IP (Internet Protocol) addresses into networks. It answers: How big is this network? Where does it start and end? Is this IP inside it?